The whole project runs on one instruction, don't believe me, count, and a bibliography is part of keeping that promise: every claim should trace back to something you can open yourself. Where a source is a book rather than a link, the full citation is given so you can find it in any library. Nothing here is an endorsement of the source's every view; the point is to show you the ground the work stands on, and the ground it argues against.
Primary sources: the text and the proof
These are the raw materials. If you want to reproduce anything on this site, you start here.
- The verification code and the Fractal Edition. The complete counting pipeline, the assembled text, and the source hashes, public and version-controlled: github.com/7430project/quran-fractal.
- Tanzil.net. The digital Quran editions the counts run on, the Simple-Plain and Uthmani texts, released under a Creative Commons licence: tanzil.net.
- The Unicode Arabic block (U+0600 to U+06FF). The character standard that decides what counts as which letter, which is the whole crux of the alif question: unicode.org (Arabic chart, PDF).
Scholarship on the text and its manuscripts
The honest frontier of this work is the early written text, and that is a field with real scholars. None of them is connected to this project or endorses it; they are simply where the serious evidence about the Quran's text lives.
- Marijn van Putten, Leiden University, on the early written transmission and orthography of the Quran, including Quranic Arabic: From its Hijazi Origins to its Classical Reading Traditions (Brill, 2022): publications list.
- François Déroche, La transmission écrite du Coran dans les débuts de l'islam: Le codex Parisino-petropolitanus (Brill, 2009). The scholarly edition of one of the oldest surviving manuscripts, and the one the project examined for the alif question.
- The Quranic Arabic Corpus, assembled under Professor Eric Atwell at the University of Leeds: word-by-word morphology and syntax of the text: corpus.quran.com.
- The Muqatta'at, the disconnected letters themselves, for background: overview on Wikipedia.
The wider Code-19 field: history and context
The idea that the number nineteen runs through the Quran did not start here. It began in the 1970s with Rashad Khalifa and grew into a whole community. That tradition made a real observation and then stacked a great deal on top of it, some of it false and some of it harmful, and this project keeps only the part that can be counted. The honest reckoning is in What Rashad Khalifa Got Right, and Wrong. These sources are listed so you can read the field for yourself, critically.
- Rashad Khalifa's translation and Code-19 writings: masjidtucson.org.
- Submission.org, the largest community site in that tradition: submission.org.
- 19miracle.org, a Code-19 research and verification collection: 19miracle.org.
A note on the word "fractal"
To be precise about what is new here: the specific result this project publishes, the thirteen Muqatta'at groups summing to 39,349 = 19² × P(29), the word-letter identity, and the same divisor holding at every scale, has no known prior publication. But the loose idea of a "fractal design" in the Quran did circulate earlier in the Code-19 community, for example in the Quran Talk episode "The Fractal Design of Quran" and at theiqra.org. Those use "fractal" as a metaphor for self-similarity, not as the exact, reproducible equation this project defines. We name them so the record is straight: the word has been used before; the proof is ours.
Discussion of the fractal, elsewhere
This is the part that grows. As of the last review, we have found no independent coverage, for or against, of the specific fractal this project describes. That is not a boast; it is a status report, and we would rather it changed. If you have written about it, recorded a video, posted a thread, or published a rebuttal, tell us and it will be listed here, critics included. A claim gets stronger every time someone serious takes a swing at it. Use the contact page, or bring your objection to peer review.
No external discussions recorded yet. Reviewed weekly.
Cite this work
74:30 Project, The Fractal in the Quran: 39,349 = 19² × P(29). 7430project.com. Code and data: github.com/7430project/quran-fractal.